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          LV01-21-C语言-JSON-02-cJSON
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              </div>
            </details>

<h1 id="一、cJSON简介"><a href="#一、cJSON简介" class="headerlink" title="一、cJSON简介"></a><font size=3>一、cJSON简介</font></h1><h2 id="1-cJSON是什么？"><a href="#1-cJSON是什么？" class="headerlink" title="1. cJSON是什么？"></a><font size=3>1. cJSON是什么？</font></h2><p>cJSON是一个使用C语言编写的JSON数据解析器，具有超轻便，可移植，单文件的特点，使用MIT开源协议。项目托管在Github上，仓库地址在这里：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/DaveGamble/cJSON">GitHub - DaveGamble&#x2F;cJSON: Ultralightweight JSON parser in ANSI C</a></p>
<h2 id="2-源码说明"><a href="#2-源码说明" class="headerlink" title="2. 源码说明"></a><font size=3>2. 源码说明</font></h2><p>我们可以用以下命令拉取cJSON源码：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">git clone https://github.com/DaveGamble/cJSON.git</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>从Github拉取cJSON源码后，文件非常多，但是其中cJSON的源码文件只有两个：<code>cJSON.h</code>和<code>cJSON.c</code>。使用的时候，只需要将这两个文件复制到工程目录，然后包含头文件<code>cJSON.h</code>即可，如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&quot;cJSON.h&quot;</span></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<blockquote>
<p>Tips：</p>
<p>我拉取的时候，最新一次提交是这个：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/DaveGamble/cJSON/tree/12c4bf1986c288950a3d06da757109a6aa1ece38">DaveGamble&#x2F;cJSON at 12c4bf1986c288950a3d06da757109a6aa1ece38</a></p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/01HQ%E8%AF%BE%E7%A8%8B%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB/LV01-C%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80/LV01-21-C%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80-JSON-02-cJSON/img/image-20241220225355333.png" alt="image-20241220225355333" />
</blockquote>
<h2 id="3-源码编译"><a href="#3-源码编译" class="headerlink" title="3. 源码编译"></a><font size=3>3. 源码编译</font></h2><p>下载完源码后，仓库是有提供demo的，我们可以直接编译的，说明文档在这里：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/DaveGamble/cJSON?tab=readme-ov-file#building">GitHub - DaveGamble&#x2F;cJSON: Ultralightweight JSON parser in ANSI C</a>：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">生成Makefile文件</span></span><br><span class="line">mkdir build</span><br><span class="line">cd build</span><br><span class="line">cmake ..</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">编译</span></span><br><span class="line">make</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>但是其实可以直接在源码目录下执行make命令进行编译，编译完毕会得到一个名为 cJSON_test 的可执行文件，我们直接<code>./</code>就可以运行。</p>
<h1 id="二、cJSON源码说明"><a href="#二、cJSON源码说明" class="headerlink" title="二、cJSON源码说明"></a><font size=3>二、cJSON源码说明</font></h1><h2 id="1-cJSON数据结构"><a href="#1-cJSON数据结构" class="headerlink" title="1. cJSON数据结构"></a><font size=3>1. cJSON数据结构</font></h2><p>cJSON使用cJSON结构体来表示<strong>一个JSON数据</strong>，定义在 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/DaveGamble/cJSON/blob/master/cJSON.h#L103">cJSON.h</a>中，源码如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* The cJSON structure: */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">cJSON</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class">&#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">/* next/prev allow you to walk array/object chains. Alternatively, use GetArraySize/GetArrayItem/GetObjectItem */</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">cJSON</span> *<span class="title">next</span>;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">cJSON</span> *<span class="title">prev</span>;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">/* An array or object item will have a child pointer pointing to a chain of the items in the array/object. */</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">cJSON</span> *<span class="title">child</span>;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">/* The type of the item, as above. */</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="type">int</span> type;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">/* The item&#x27;s string, if type==cJSON_String  and type == cJSON_Raw */</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="type">char</span> *valuestring;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">/* writing to valueint is DEPRECATED, use cJSON_SetNumberValue instead */</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="type">int</span> valueint;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">/* The item&#x27;s number, if type==cJSON_Number */</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="type">double</span> valuedouble;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">/* The item&#x27;s name string, if this item is the child of, or is in the list of subitems of an object. */</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="type">char</span> *<span class="built_in">string</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125; cJSON;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>首先，它不是将一整段JSON数据抽象出来，而是将其中的一条JSON数据抽象出来，也就是一个键值对，用上面的结构体 <code>strcut cJSON</code> 来表示，其中用来存放值的成员列表如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> type;           <span class="comment">// 用于表示该键值对中值的类型</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">char</span> *valuestring;  <span class="comment">// 如果键值类型(type)是字符串，则将该指针指向键值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> valueint;       <span class="comment">// 如果键值类型(type)是整数，则将该指针指向键值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">double</span> valuedouble; <span class="comment">// 如果键值类型(type)是浮点数，则将该指针指向键值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">char</span> *<span class="built_in">string</span>;       <span class="comment">// 用于表示该键值对的名称</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>其次，一段完整的JSON数据中由很多键值对组成，并且涉及到键值对的查找、删除、添加，所以使用链表来存储整段JSON数据，如上面的代码所示：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">cJSON</span> *<span class="title">next</span>;</span> <span class="comment">// 指向下一个键值对</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">cJSON</span> *<span class="title">prev</span>;</span> <span class="comment">// 指向上一个键值对</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>最后，因为JSON数据支持嵌套，所以一个键值对的值会是一个新的JSON数据对象（一条新的链表），也有可能是一个数组，方便起见，在cJSON中，数组也表示为一个数组对象，用链表存储，所以：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">cJSON</span> *<span class="title">child</span>;</span> <span class="comment">// 在键值对结构体中，当该键值对的值是一个嵌套的JSON数据或者一个数组时，由child指针指向该条新链表。</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="2-JSON数据封装"><a href="#2-JSON数据封装" class="headerlink" title="2. JSON数据封装"></a><font size=3>2. JSON数据封装</font></h2><p>封装JSON数据的过程，其实就是创建链表和向链表中添加节点的过程。</p>
<ul>
<li>（1）创建头指针：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/DaveGamble/cJSON/blob/master/test.c#L112">cJSON&#x2F;test.c at master · DaveGamble&#x2F;cJSON · GitHub</a></li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">cJSON *root = <span class="literal">NULL</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<ul>
<li>（2）创建头结点，并将头指针指向头结点：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/DaveGamble/cJSON/blob/master/test.c#L168">cJSON&#x2F;test.c at master · DaveGamble&#x2F;cJSON · GitHub</a></li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">root = cJSON_CreateObject();</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<ul>
<li>（3）向链表中添加节点：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/DaveGamble/cJSON/blob/master/cJSON.h#L268">cJSON&#x2F;cJSON.h at master · DaveGamble&#x2F;cJSON · GitHub</a></li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* Helper functions for creating and adding items to an object at the same time.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * They return the added item or NULL on failure. */</span></span><br><span class="line">CJSON_PUBLIC(cJSON*) cJSON_AddNullToObject(cJSON * <span class="type">const</span> object, <span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> * <span class="type">const</span> name);</span><br><span class="line">CJSON_PUBLIC(cJSON*) cJSON_AddTrueToObject(cJSON * <span class="type">const</span> object, <span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> * <span class="type">const</span> name);</span><br><span class="line">CJSON_PUBLIC(cJSON*) cJSON_AddFalseToObject(cJSON * <span class="type">const</span> object, <span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> * <span class="type">const</span> name);</span><br><span class="line">CJSON_PUBLIC(cJSON*) cJSON_AddBoolToObject(cJSON * <span class="type">const</span> object, <span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> * <span class="type">const</span> name, <span class="type">const</span> cJSON_bool boolean);</span><br><span class="line">CJSON_PUBLIC(cJSON*) cJSON_AddNumberToObject(cJSON * <span class="type">const</span> object, <span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> * <span class="type">const</span> name, <span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">double</span> number);</span><br><span class="line">CJSON_PUBLIC(cJSON*) cJSON_AddStringToObject(cJSON * <span class="type">const</span> object, <span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> * <span class="type">const</span> name, <span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> * <span class="type">const</span> <span class="built_in">string</span>);</span><br><span class="line">CJSON_PUBLIC(cJSON*) cJSON_AddRawToObject(cJSON * <span class="type">const</span> object, <span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> * <span class="type">const</span> name, <span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> * <span class="type">const</span> raw);</span><br><span class="line">CJSON_PUBLIC(cJSON*) cJSON_AddObjectToObject(cJSON * <span class="type">const</span> object, <span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> * <span class="type">const</span> name);</span><br><span class="line">CJSON_PUBLIC(cJSON*) cJSON_AddArrayToObject(cJSON * <span class="type">const</span> object, <span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> * <span class="type">const</span> name);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="3-输出JSON数据"><a href="#3-输出JSON数据" class="headerlink" title="3. 输出JSON数据"></a><font size=3>3. 输出JSON数据</font></h2><p>一段完整的JSON数据就是一条长长的链表，那么，如何打印出这段JSON数据呢？cJSON提供了一个API，可以将整条链表中存放的JSON信息输出到一个字符串中：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/DaveGamble/cJSON/blob/master/cJSON.c#L1275">cJSON&#x2F;cJSON.c at master · DaveGamble&#x2F;cJSON · GitHub</a></p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* Render a cJSON item/entity/structure to text. */</span></span><br><span class="line">CJSON_PUBLIC(<span class="type">char</span> *) cJSON_Print(<span class="type">const</span> cJSON *item)</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> (<span class="type">char</span>*)print(item, <span class="literal">true</span>, &amp;global_hooks);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>print函数定义在这里：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/DaveGamble/cJSON/blob/master/cJSON.c#L1207">cJSON&#x2F;cJSON.c at master · DaveGamble&#x2F;cJSON · GitHub</a>。这里就不详细去了解了，就是一个遍历链表的过程。</p>
<p>使用cJSON_Print()函数打印JSON数据的时候，只需要接收该函数返回的指针地址即可。</p>
<h2 id="4-JSON数据解析"><a href="#4-JSON数据解析" class="headerlink" title="4. JSON数据解析"></a><font size=3>4. JSON数据解析</font></h2><p>解析JSON数据的过程，其实就是剥离一个一个链表节点(键值对)的过程。</p>
<ul>
<li>（1）创建链表头指针</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">cJSON* root = <span class="literal">NULL</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<ul>
<li>（2）解析整段JSON数据，并将链表头结点地址返回，赋值给头指针</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//CJSON_PUBLIC(cJSON *) cJSON_Parse(const char *value); // 解析整段数据使用的API只有这一个</span></span><br><span class="line">root = cJSON_Parse(JSON_data);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<ul>
<li>（3）根据键值对的名称从链表中取出对应的值，返回该键值对(链表节点)的地址</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">CJSON_PUBLIC(cJSON *) cJSON_GetObjectItem(<span class="type">const</span> cJSON * <span class="type">const</span> object, <span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> * <span class="type">const</span> <span class="built_in">string</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<ul>
<li>（4）如果JSON数据的值是数组，使用下面的两个API提取数据</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">CJSON_PUBLIC(<span class="type">int</span>) cJSON_GetArraySize(<span class="type">const</span> cJSON *<span class="built_in">array</span>);</span><br><span class="line">CJSON_PUBLIC(cJSON *) cJSON_GetArrayItem(<span class="type">const</span> cJSON *<span class="built_in">array</span>, <span class="type">int</span> index);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<h1 id="三、使用实例"><a href="#三、使用实例" class="headerlink" title="三、使用实例"></a><font size=3>三、使用实例</font></h1><h2 id="1-JSON数据封装实例"><a href="#1-JSON数据封装实例" class="headerlink" title="1. JSON数据封装实例"></a><font size=3>1. JSON数据封装实例</font></h2><h3 id="1-1-JSON数据"><a href="#1-1-JSON数据" class="headerlink" title="1.1 JSON数据"></a><font size=3>1.1 JSON数据</font></h3><p>这里设计一个JSON的结构：</p>
<figure class="highlight json"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="punctuation">&#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">:</span> <span class="string">&quot;sumu&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">,</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">&quot;age&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">:</span> <span class="number">28</span><span class="punctuation">,</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">&quot;weight&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">:</span> <span class="number">69.8</span><span class="punctuation">,</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">&quot;address&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">:</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="punctuation">&#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="attr">&quot;country&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">:</span> <span class="string">&quot;China&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">,</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="attr">&quot;city&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">:</span> <span class="string">&quot;shanghai&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">,</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="attr">&quot;zip-code&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">:</span> <span class="number">999999</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="punctuation">&#125;</span><span class="punctuation">,</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">&quot;skill&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">:</span> <span class="punctuation">[</span><span class="string">&quot;c&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">,</span> <span class="string">&quot;html&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">,</span> <span class="string">&quot;Python&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">]</span><span class="punctuation">,</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">&quot;student&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">:</span> <span class="literal"><span class="keyword">false</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="punctuation">&#125;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="1-2-代码编写"><a href="#1-2-代码编写" class="headerlink" title="1.2 代码编写"></a><font size=3>1.2 代码编写</font></h3><p>这里只写主函数吧，剩下的就是<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/DaveGamble/cJSON/blob/master/cJSON.c">cJSON.c</a>和<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/DaveGamble/cJSON/blob/master/cJSON.h">cJSON.h</a></p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;stdio.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&quot;cJSON.h&quot;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">main</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> argc, <span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> * argv[])</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    cJSON* root = <span class="literal">NULL</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    cJSON* cjson_address = <span class="literal">NULL</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    cJSON* cjson_skill = <span class="literal">NULL</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="type">char</span>* str = <span class="literal">NULL</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">/* 创建一个JSON数据对象(链表头结点) */</span></span><br><span class="line">    root = cJSON_CreateObject();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">/* 添加一条字符串类型的JSON数据(添加一个链表节点) */</span></span><br><span class="line">    cJSON_AddStringToObject(root, <span class="string">&quot;name&quot;</span>, <span class="string">&quot;sumu&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">/* 添加一条整数类型的JSON数据(添加一个链表节点) */</span></span><br><span class="line">    cJSON_AddNumberToObject(root, <span class="string">&quot;age&quot;</span>, <span class="number">28</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">/* 添加一条浮点类型的JSON数据(添加一个链表节点) */</span></span><br><span class="line">    cJSON_AddNumberToObject(root, <span class="string">&quot;weight&quot;</span>, <span class="number">69.8</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">/* 添加一个嵌套的JSON数据（添加一个链表节点） */</span></span><br><span class="line">    cjson_address = cJSON_CreateObject();</span><br><span class="line">    cJSON_AddStringToObject(cjson_address, <span class="string">&quot;country&quot;</span>, <span class="string">&quot;China&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    cJSON_AddStringToObject(cjson_address, <span class="string">&quot;city&quot;</span>, <span class="string">&quot;shanghai&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    cJSON_AddNumberToObject(cjson_address, <span class="string">&quot;zip-code&quot;</span>, <span class="number">999999</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    cJSON_AddItemToObject(root, <span class="string">&quot;address&quot;</span>, cjson_address);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">/* 添加一个数组类型的JSON数据(添加一个链表节点) */</span></span><br><span class="line">    cjson_skill = cJSON_CreateArray();</span><br><span class="line">    cJSON_AddItemToArray(cjson_skill, cJSON_CreateString( <span class="string">&quot;C&quot;</span> ));</span><br><span class="line">    cJSON_AddItemToArray(cjson_skill, cJSON_CreateString( <span class="string">&quot;html&quot;</span> ));</span><br><span class="line">    cJSON_AddItemToArray(cjson_skill, cJSON_CreateString( <span class="string">&quot;Python&quot;</span> ));</span><br><span class="line">    cJSON_AddItemToObject(root, <span class="string">&quot;skill&quot;</span>, cjson_skill);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">/* 添加一个值为 False 的布尔类型的JSON数据(添加一个链表节点) */</span></span><br><span class="line">    cJSON_AddFalseToObject(root, <span class="string">&quot;student&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">/* 打印JSON对象(整条链表)的所有数据 */</span></span><br><span class="line">    str = cJSON_Print(root);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;%s\n&quot;</span>, str);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="1-3-编译源码"><a href="#1-3-编译源码" class="headerlink" title="1.3 编译源码"></a><font size=3>1.3 编译源码</font></h3><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">gcc cJSON.c main.c -o cJSON_test</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="1-4-运行测试"><a href="#1-4-运行测试" class="headerlink" title="1.4 运行测试"></a><font size=3>1.4 运行测试</font></h3><p>我们直接执行即可：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sumu@sumu-virtual-machine:~/7Linux/cJSON-master$ ./cJSON_test</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        &quot;name&quot;: &quot;sumu&quot;,</span><br><span class="line">        &quot;age&quot;:  28,</span><br><span class="line">        &quot;weight&quot;:       69.8,</span><br><span class="line">        &quot;address&quot;:      &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                &quot;country&quot;:      &quot;China&quot;,</span><br><span class="line">                &quot;city&quot;: &quot;shanghai&quot;,</span><br><span class="line">                &quot;zip-code&quot;:     999999</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">        &quot;skill&quot;:        [&quot;C&quot;, &quot;html&quot;, &quot;Python&quot;],</span><br><span class="line">        &quot;student&quot;:      false</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="1-5-数据链表关系图"><a href="#1-5-数据链表关系图" class="headerlink" title="1.5 数据链表关系图"></a><font size=3>1.5 数据链表关系图</font></h3><p>我根据自己的理解画了个简图如下，来帮助理解：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/01HQ%E8%AF%BE%E7%A8%8B%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB/LV01-C%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80/LV01-21-C%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80-JSON-02-cJSON/img/image-20241222170030853.png" alt="image-20241222170030853" />

<h2 id="2-JSON数据解析实例"><a href="#2-JSON数据解析实例" class="headerlink" title="2. JSON数据解析实例"></a><font size=3>2. JSON数据解析实例</font></h2><h3 id="2-1-JSON数据"><a href="#2-1-JSON数据" class="headerlink" title="2.1 JSON数据"></a><font size=3>2.1 JSON数据</font></h3><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="type">char</span> *JSON_data = </span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">&quot;&#123;                              \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    \&quot;name\&quot;:\&quot;sumu\&quot;,   \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    \&quot;age\&quot;: 28,                \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    \&quot;weight\&quot;: 69.8,           \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    \&quot;address\&quot;:                \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        &#123;                       \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">            \&quot;country\&quot;: \&quot;China\&quot;,\</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">            \&quot;city\&quot;: \&quot;shagnhai\&quot;,\</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">            \&quot;zip-code\&quot;: 999999\</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        &#125;,                      \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    \&quot;skill\&quot;: [\&quot;c\&quot;, \&quot;html\&quot;, \&quot;Python\&quot;],\</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    \&quot;student\&quot;: false          \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">&#125;&quot;</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="2-2-代码编写"><a href="#2-2-代码编写" class="headerlink" title="2.2 代码编写"></a><font size=3>2.2 代码编写</font></h3><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br><span class="line">83</span><br><span class="line">84</span><br><span class="line">85</span><br><span class="line">86</span><br><span class="line">87</span><br><span class="line">88</span><br><span class="line">89</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;stdio.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&quot;../cJSON/cJSON.h&quot;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">char</span> *JSON_data = </span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">&quot;&#123;                              \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    \&quot;name\&quot;:\&quot;sumu\&quot;,   \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    \&quot;age\&quot;: 28,                \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    \&quot;weight\&quot;: 69.8,           \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    \&quot;address\&quot;:                \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        &#123;                       \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">            \&quot;country\&quot;: \&quot;China\&quot;,\</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">            \&quot;city\&quot;: \&quot;shagnhai\&quot;,\</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">            \&quot;zip-code\&quot;: 999999\</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        &#125;,                      \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    \&quot;skill\&quot;: [\&quot;c\&quot;, \&quot;html\&quot;, \&quot;Python\&quot;],\</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    \&quot;student\&quot;: false          \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">&#125;&quot;</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">main</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    cJSON* root = <span class="literal">NULL</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    cJSON* cjson_name = <span class="literal">NULL</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    cJSON* cjson_age = <span class="literal">NULL</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    cJSON* cjson_weight = <span class="literal">NULL</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    cJSON* cjson_address = <span class="literal">NULL</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    cJSON* cjson_address_country = <span class="literal">NULL</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    cJSON* cjson_address_city = <span class="literal">NULL</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    cJSON* cjson_address_zipcode = <span class="literal">NULL</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    cJSON* cjson_skill = <span class="literal">NULL</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    cJSON* cjson_skill_item = <span class="literal">NULL</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="type">int</span>    skill_array_size = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="type">int</span>    i = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    cJSON* cjson_student = <span class="literal">NULL</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">/* 解析整段JSO数据 */</span></span><br><span class="line">    root = cJSON_Parse(JSON_data);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">if</span>(root == <span class="literal">NULL</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;parse fail.\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">/* 依次根据名称提取JSON数据（键值对） */</span></span><br><span class="line">    cjson_name = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root, <span class="string">&quot;name&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    cjson_age = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root, <span class="string">&quot;age&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    cjson_weight = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root, <span class="string">&quot;weight&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;name: %s\n&quot;</span>, cjson_name-&gt;valuestring);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;age:%d\n&quot;</span>, cjson_age-&gt;valueint);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;weight:%.1f\n&quot;</span>, cjson_weight-&gt;valuedouble);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">/* 解析嵌套json数据 */</span></span><br><span class="line">    cjson_address = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root, <span class="string">&quot;address&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    cjson_address_country = cJSON_GetObjectItem(cjson_address, <span class="string">&quot;country&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    cjson_address_city = cJSON_GetObjectItem(cjson_address, <span class="string">&quot;city&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    cjson_address_zipcode = cJSON_GetObjectItem(cjson_address, <span class="string">&quot;zip-code&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;address-country:%s\naddress-city:%s\naddress-zipcode:%d\n&quot;</span>, </span><br><span class="line">        cjson_address_country-&gt;valuestring, cjson_address_city-&gt;valuestring, cjson_address_zipcode-&gt;valueint);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">/* 解析数组 */</span></span><br><span class="line">    cjson_skill = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root, <span class="string">&quot;skill&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    skill_array_size = cJSON_GetArraySize(cjson_skill);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;skill:[&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">for</span>(i = <span class="number">0</span>; i &lt; skill_array_size; i++)</span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        cjson_skill_item = cJSON_GetArrayItem(cjson_skill, i);</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;%s,&quot;</span>, cjson_skill_item-&gt;valuestring);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;\b]\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">/* 解析布尔型数据 */</span></span><br><span class="line">    cjson_student = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root, <span class="string">&quot;student&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">if</span>(cjson_student-&gt;valueint == <span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;student: false\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;student:error\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="2-3-编译源码"><a href="#2-3-编译源码" class="headerlink" title="2.3 编译源码"></a><font size=3>2.3 编译源码</font></h3><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">gcc cJSON.c main.c -o cJSON_test</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="2-4-运行测试"><a href="#2-4-运行测试" class="headerlink" title="2.4 运行测试"></a><font size=3>2.4 运行测试</font></h3><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sumu@sumu-virtual-machine:~/7Linux/cJSON-master$ ./cJSON_test </span><br><span class="line">name: sumu</span><br><span class="line">age:28</span><br><span class="line">weight:69.8</span><br><span class="line">address-country:China</span><br><span class="line">address-city:shagnhai</span><br><span class="line">address-zipcode:999999</span><br><span class="line">skill:[c,html,Python]</span><br><span class="line">student: false</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<blockquote>
<p>参考资料</p>
<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://blog.csdn.net/Mculover666/article/details/103796256">cJSON使用详细教程 | 一个轻量级C语言JSON解析器-CSDN博客</a></p>
<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://blog.csdn.net/cpp_learner/article/details/122155825">C&#x2F;C++ 使用cjson库 操作Json格式文件（创建、插入、解析、修改、删除）_c++ json-CSDN博客</a></p>
</blockquote>

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